These insects prefer bermudagrass, but also feed on fescues, ryegrasses, bentgrasses, and bluegrasses. Studies on new invasive pest spodoptera frugiperda j. Larval overcrowding can be limited through the use of larval frass as an oviposition. First report of outbreaks of the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda je smith lepidoptera, noctuidae, a new alien invasive pest in west and central africa. Artificial cornbased diet for rearing spodoptera frugiperda. Sep 27, 2017 spodoptera frugiperda is a moth belonging to the superfamily noctuoidea. The term armyworm can refer to several species, often describing the largescale invasive behavior of the species larval stage. Faw fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda ff farmer facilitator ffs farmer field school icipe international center of insect physiology and ecology icraf world forestry center ipm integrated pest management ippm integrated production and pest management iita international institute of tropical agriculture lp local practice. Resistance to pyrethroids permethrin, cypermethrin, cyhalothrin, fenvalerate, tralomethrin, bifenthrin, tetramethrin, and fluvalinate ranged from 2 to 216fold. The fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda, a moth originating from the american continent, has recently invaded most african countries, where it is seriously threatening food security as a pest of cereals. Migration and the life history strategy of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda in the western hemisphere. Maize farmers in subsaharan africa recently experienced unusual damage in their farms, attributed to the fall armyworm faw spodoptera frugiperda j. Studies were conducted in southern india from jun to aug 2018 to identify and assess the abundance of natural enemies attacking s.
Pm 7124 1 spodoptera littoralis, spodoptera litura. A strain of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda j. This document is eeny098, one of a series of the department of entomology and nematology, ufifas extension. Body color may vary from green to almost black but light stripes will be visible. We performed comparative genomics analysis based on the recently released chromosome.
First detection report of the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda. Insecticide resistance in the fall armyworm, spodoptera. Noctuidae 3 leaf debris and other material to form a cocoon on the soil surface. Pdf occurrence of fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda j. Fall armyworm faw spodoptera frugiperda is a polyphagous and highly destructive pest of many crops. Pdf the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda, is a serious pest in large numbers on more than 350 plant species in the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biology and to compare the food consumption by s. Smith damage in african smallholder maize fields and quantifying its impact on yield.
Fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda, is a crop pest native to the americas, which has invaded and spread throughout subsaharan africa. The blade on the hypophargngeal complex is a long ridge in our example, much like the example in passoa 1991. Fall armyworm faw, one of the most important pests of maize in latin america. Spinosad and nucleopolyhedrovirus mixtures for control of spodoptera frugiperda lepidoptera. Media in category spodoptera frugiperda the following 29 files are in this category, out of 29 total. Noctuidae, is a pest of grain and vegetable crops endemic to the western hemisphere that has recently become widespread in sub. Fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda je smith lepidoptera. It is regarded as a pest and can damage and destroy a wide variety of crops, which causes large economic damage. Scientists decode the genome of fall armyworm, moth pest that. Smith, an important invasive pest to indian sub continent was found to infest rabi maize in harischandrapur 2 block of malda district in west. Jun 17, 2019 the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda, is a species native to the americas and has spread to many countries in africa and asia in recent years. Spodoptera frugiperda laphfroverview eppo global database. Faw represents a real threat to food security and livelihoods of millions of smallholder farmers.
Myanmar were alert by the director of ppd for the fall armyworm to be potential. The pupa is reddish brown in color, and measures 14 to 18 mm in length and about 4. Larval dispersal of spodoptera frugiperda strains on bt cotton. Fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda is in the same family with our common african armyworm spodoptera exempta. However, to date, few studies have simulated the future distribution patterns of fall armyworm under rapid global changes. The staff of plant protection division ppd, department of agriculture doa. Spodoptera frugiperda has sd1 is hairlike on the mesothorax, metathorax, and a9. For spodoptera frugiperda, the following documents were used as key. It was recently introduced into africa and now represents a serious threat to food security, particularly because of yield losses in maize, which is the staple food for the majority of smallscale farmers in africa.
Larvae feed on aboveground plant parts, causing a skeletonized. Spodoptera frugiperda an overview sciencedirect topics. This species does not enter diapause, so it migrates from warmer climates such as southern florida, caribbean islands, southern texas, mexico, and coastal areas of southern georgia, alabama, mississippi, and louisiana, northward across the united states annually. Pm100228 eppo a1 and a2 lists of pests recommended for regulation as quarantine pests 2019.
Spodoptera frugiperda corn fall armyworm corn variant spodoptera frugiperda rice fall armyworm rice variant other organisms are available on the bipaa website. Pdf parasitoid complex of fall armyworm, spodoptera. Climex parameter values for spodoptera frugiperda parameter description value advertisement. A model for understanding resistance evolution and consequences for its management. Pdf attraction, feeding preference, and performance of. Keys about fact sheets glossary larval morphology references. Spread and impact of fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda j. It is also called armyworm because the caterpillars are sometimes so numerous that they form carpets on the ground. Faw has spread across all of subsaharan africa, the near east and asia. In total, 5 species of larval parasitoids, 3 predators, and 1 entomopathogen were found attacking larvae of s.
Biology and nutrition of spodoptera frugiperda lepidoptera. Pdf on aug 19, 2019, yani maharani and others published cases of fall army worm spodoptera frugiperda find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Understanding the factors influencing fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda j. Smith, is a polyphagous migratory pest, which is endemic to the western hemisphere attacking more than 80 plant species including maize, sorghum, cotton, rice, millet, peanut, alfalfa, and other cultivated and wild plant species knipling 1980.
The incursion of fall armyworm as an invasive pest into asia was. Pm71241 spodoptera littoralis, spodoptera litura, spodoptera frugiperda, spodoptera eridania. Susceptibility of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda. Fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm is most common in the southern and midwestern areas of the united states, though they can also be found in the northeast. The fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda, is an important invasive pest and exhibits resistance to many insecticides. The fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda, is a lepidopteran pest that feeds in large numbers on the leaves, stems and reproductive parts of more than 350 plant species, causing major damage to economically important cultivated grasses such as maize, rice, sorghum, sugarcane and wheat but also other vegetable crops and cotton.
Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Spodoptera frugiperda is a serious agricultural pest native to tropical and subtropical areas of the americas. Pdf diversity of fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda and. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf parasitoid complex of fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda, in ghana and benin article pdf available in insects 112. Molecular methods to detect spodoptera frugiperda in.
African armyworm spodoptera exempta africa common armyworm or true armyworm mythimna unipuncta north and south america fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda north and south america lawn armyworm spodoptera mauritia northern armyworm, oriental armyworm or rice earcutting caterpillar mythimna separata asia. The pest has currently become a new invasive species in west and central africa where outbreaks were recorded for the first time in early 2016. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext. It differs from the common armyworm in that it has a high reproductive rate of about 900 eggs per.
Pdf a guide to biological control of fall armyworm in. Noctuidae, consists of two ge netically differentiated strains. Smith, has been classified as a sporadic pest due to its migratory behavior. Mechanism and dnabased detection of fieldevolved resistance. Spodoptera frugiperda laphfrdocuments eppo global database. Smith, 1797 is an insect from the tropics and subtropics of the americas. Fall armyworm food and agriculture organization of the. Pdf diversity of fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda.
Sf9 cells, a clonal isolate of spodoptera frugiperda sf21 cells iplbsf21ae, are commonly used in insect cell culture for recombinant protein production using baculovirus. B rown usdaars, crop genetics and breeding research unit, tifton, ga 317930748 1 department of entomology, university of georgia. Spodoptera frugiperda colony spodoptera frugiperda specimens were obtained from insect colonies and maintained in a laboratory. Spdoptera frugiperda fall army worm taxonomy first described in 1797 as. Pdf understanding the factors influencing fall armyworm. Sep 30, 2019 fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda j. It has a broad host suitability range, disperses rapidly, and has now invaded nearly 100 countries around the world by quickly establishing in the novel ecologies. Noctuidae, is a pest of grain and vegetable crops endemic to the western hemisphere that has recently become widespread in subsaharan africa and has appeared in india. Spodoptera frugiperda setal map click here to download a fullsize printable pdf of this larval setal map lepintercept an identification resource for intercepted lepidoptera larvae by todd m. Effective dominance of resistance of spodoptera frugiperda. It is widely distributed throughout the americas, mainly in brazil, the united states, and argentina clark et al. Smith is one of the most notorious pests of several crops in the world. Feeds primarily on grasses, although they will sometimes feed on nongrass species. Parasitoid complex of fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda.
The roughly 30 species are distributed across six continents. Documents about spodoptera frugiperda laphfr number title download. Pdf comparison of pheromone trap design and lures for. Based on the native occurrence records and environmental variables, we predicted the potential geographic distribution of. Integrated management of the fall armyworm on maize. The fall armyworm faw spodoptera frugiperda smith is a highly mobile lepidopteran that disperses as a neonate from its oviposition site yang et al. Monitoring the evolution of resistance in spodoptera. Click here to download a fullsize printable pdf of this larval setal map. Moth photographers group spodoptera frugiperda 9666. Laboratory monitoring for cry1f susceptibility in s. Pdf spinosad and nucleopolyhedrovirus mixtures for.
Noctuidae, is a widespread pest species of various cultivated plants. Spodoptera frugiperda laphfrkenya eppo global database. Our study aimed to assess the olfactory response of fall armywormmated. Development of spodoptera frugiperda on different hosts and. Threats of fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda incidence in.
They were originally established from ovarian tissue. It is migratory lepidopteran insect pest with more than 100 plant species. Pdf studies on new invasive pest spodoptera frugiperda. Landuse change drives present and future distributions of. Noctuidae, is an economically important pest of maize and other crops in the americas. General information about spodoptera frugiperda laphfr.
Evolution of resistance threatens sustainability of transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis bt. Forecasting the global extent of invasion of the cereal. The pest has also led to increased production costs, and threatens trade. The fall armyworm faw, spodoptera frugiperda is among the major factors which have. Mapping potential distribution of spodoptera frugiperda. Though the relative influences of climate and landuse on species distribution might depend on the spatial scales of the studies, it is not known whether. Passoa identification technology program itp, fort collins, co. It differs from the common armyworm in that it has a high reproductive rate of about 900 eggs per female, a relatively short generation time of 30 days and. The attraction of spodoptera frugiperda neonates to cowpea. Diversity of fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda and their gut bacterial community in kenya.
First report of outbreaks of the fall armyworm spodoptera. Initial detections and spread of invasive spodoptera. The resistance of fall armyworm faw, spodoptera frugiperda, has been characterized to some cry and vip3a proteins of bacillus thuringiensis bt. Managing fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda lepidoptera. Oct 11, 2010 the fall armyworm faw, spodoptera frugiperda j. Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of harmine on. The fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda is a species in the order lepidoptera and is the larval life stage of a fall armyworm moth. Noctuidae, is a pest recently invading maize in india.
This regulation establishes an exemption from the requirement of a tolerance for residues of spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus strain 3ap2 in or on all food commodities when used in accordance with label directions and good agricultural practices. Genomic features of the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda. Distribution details in kenya of spodoptera frugiperda laphfr current pest situation evaluated by eppo on the basis of information dated 2017. This pest was first recorded in africa in 2016, but detailed information on its distribution and damage and farmers response in invaded areas are largely lacking. Spodoptera frugiperda is a moth belonging to the superfamily noctuoidea. Spodoptera frugiperda laphfrphotos eppo global database. However, the artificial diets used for rearing this insect in the laboratory do not contain corn. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Noctuidae is a polyphagous pest indigenous throughout the americas 1, 2, which has recently appeared in africa 3.
Smith is a lepidopteran polyphagous pest native to tropical and subtropical america, where it is one of the most important maize pests, for example in central america and brazil cruz et al. The fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda is a prime noctuid pest of maize on the american continents where it has remained confined despite occasional interceptions by european quarantine services in recent years. Spodoptera frugiperda 9 sf 9 cells and trichoplusia ni 5b14 cells h5 are grown at 27 c in 75 cm 2 cell culture flask in insectxpress supplemented either with heat inactivated 10% fcs and 50. The pest status of faw in cotton in the cerrado region of brazil has increased with the recent changes in cotton crop systems, such as double cropping and the use of cover or winter crops with non. A guide to biological control of fall armyworm in africa using egg parasitoids. In this study, we determined faw distribution, genetic diversity. Smith, collected from corn in north florida showed resistance to commonly used insecticides. Smith is an agriculturally important insect pest and causes significant economic loss due to its resistance to insecticide and high dispersal ability i.
Studies suggest that modern varieties of maize lost some of their natural defense mechanisms. Coordination of humanitarian affairs ocha, downloaded from wikipedia. Noctuidae, with bt maize and insecticides in southern brazil. Scientists decode the genome of fall armyworm, moth pest. Categorization of spodoptera frugiperda laphfr countrynppo list year addition year transfer year deletion. More than 100 species of host plants are reported, many of which are of economic importance eppocabi, 1997, robinson et al. Larval dispersal of spodoptera frugiperda strains on bt. Fall armyworm faw, spodoptera frugiperda, is a dangerous transboundary insect with a high potential to spread rapidly due to its natural distribution capacity and opportunities presented by international trade. Pdf studies on new invasive pest spodoptera frugiperda j. Molecular methods to detect spodoptera frugiperda in ghana. Pdf pest geography spodoptera frugiperda fall armyworm. The current management methods rely heavily on the use of synthetic insecticides but there is a need for more sustainable control methods, including biological control. Noctuidae, female moths respond to herbivoreinduced corn volatiles. The following are supplementary data to this article.
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